Albert Pels was the son of Samuel and Frieda Pels. He had two children, Joan Barbara and Richard J.A. with his first wife Gertrude Ethel Jaeckel. He later married Yolanda Zemfler, a painter of impressionist art.

While in Ohio, Pels attended the Cincinnati Art Academy in 1931 where he won several scholarships. After moving to New York, he continued his education at the Art Students League, Beaux Arts and the American School. At the Art Students League, Pels studied under Thomas Hart Benton, Kenneth Hayes Miller, and Alexander Brook. Under the tutelage of these mentors, Pels evolved his technique and style. Pels was a member of the National Society of Mural Painters, the Salmagundi Club, and the Society of Independent Artists. He was on the board of directors of the Arts Students League in 1939, as well as, on the board the WPA Artists.

One of the most important murals done by Albert Pels was for the Normal, Illinois, Post Office's lobby, which was a product of an assignment under the Section of Fine Arts. Unlike the WPA, artists in the Section of Fine Arts had to compete for the individual projects. The mural is entitled Development of the State Normal School. Pels chose the subject of the Normal Schools, which were colleges that specialized in the education of teachers. Pels took his sculptural approach even further in his exhibition at the Laurel Gallery in Jan. 1949, where his figures seemed to pop out from the background creating a trompe l'oeil effect. Pels continued to embrace this sculptural style, evident in his subsequent exhibitions, such as his October 7th, 1949 show at Arthur Brown's Gallery in New York City.

Albert Pels had also shown in a number of additional galleries, museums, and one-man exhibitions. Some of them included the Macbeth Galleries, 1939; Babcock Gallery, 1941, 1945 – 46, 1949; Pulitzer Gallery, 1951; International Gallery, 1953; Laurel Gallery, 1955; Cincinnati Museum; Denver Museum; Butler Art Institute, Youngstown, Ohio; and Rachel Davis Fine Arts, Cleveland, 1996. He exhibited in group shows at the Babcock Gallery, New York City; Albany Museum, Albany New York; Whitney Museum of American Art, New York City; Philadelphia Museum, P.A.; Butler Art Institute; Art Students League; and Southern Art Museum.

Later in his career, Pels founded the Albert Pels Art School in New York City at 71 W. 71 Street. He held classes in drawing, painting, commercial art, fashion, and cartooning for all ages and levels of study. He was the director until the late 1980's when it was sold.